Frequently Asked Questions
What is a Plat?
Webster describes a plat as, “a map or chart of a piece of land
with actual or proposed features”. Old plats of early Georgia are measured
drawings of land and/or water. In Georgia, we use the meets and bounds
descriptions, or bearings and distances between two points, or the meandering
of a road, path or stream.
What does a plat show?
Some early Georgia plats show:
- name of grant or grantee
- state and county
- date of survey or date of grant or both
- names of adjoining landowners (AL)
- names of chain carriers (cc)(same as chain bearers (cb)
- name of previous landowner (PL)
- acres
- names of path, road, branch, creek, river, town, swamp, pond
- name of surveyor
- book and page where recorded
What does the back of a plat show? Some early Georgia plat backs show:
- name of grant or grantee
- acres
- date of survey or date of grant
- name of surveyor
- book and page where recorded
Who were the chain carriers?
In early surveying, heavy chains were used to measure distances,
usually in increments of chains and not feet. Steel tapes were not available.
The chainmen or chain carrier or chain bearer consisted of the applicant
himself and anyone he could procure to assist in the work. In the early
days, chainmen were required to be sworn before performing their duties.
Men or strong boys chosen were usually kinsmen or neighbors. Many genealogical
puzzles have been solved by knowing the chain carriers.
What is a chain?
A chain (ch.) is 66 feet. This distance was used because it was
easy to figure acres using a chain. 1 chain x 10 chains = one acre.
10 chs. x 10 chs. = 10 acres; 10 chains x 100 chains = 100 acres, etc.
etc. Many plots were measured 40 chs. X 40 chs. = 160 acres, or 45 chs.
X 45 chs = 202 ½ acres. Plats were usually drawn at a scale of 1”=10
chains, or 1”-=20 chains, or 1”=40 chains.
In Georgia, we discontinued using chains in the early 1960s’. My earliest
plats showed distances in chains and not feet. About this same time,
we discontinued using the old staff compass, and started using a transit.
The theodolite replaced the transit in the 1980s’ and today electronic
measuring devises are used with computer input, and plats are drawn
electronically.
Additional Resources
Where can I learn more about plats and surveying?
An outstanding book, Georgia Land Surveying History and Law,
by Farris Cadle is recommended for details on early surveying and platting
in Georgia. And I give Farris many thanks for his guidance over the
years.